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Communities in RUIdeRA
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Publication
Las afecciones cutáneas de Galeno según el De simplicibus medicinis VI de Gerardo de Cremona
(Universidad de Murcia, 2023) Díaz Marcos, Marina
Skin problems caused by internal or external factors to the human body have been studied since ancient times. In the 2nd century, Galen of Pergamon wrote De simplicium medicinalum facultatibus, a work on simple drugs among which we find treatments still used today to heal rashes, eczema, abscesses, etc. This treatise was translated into Syriac, Arabic and Latin. This last version, the Latin one carried out by Gerard of Cremone in the 12th century, arouses the greatest interest, since it includes the recipes described by Galen, but with the contributions of the Greeks, Syrians and Arabs, not only in its content, but in the technical lexicon used. The aim of this work is to present, through Gerard’s De simplicibus medicinis, the Latin translation of Galen’s treatise, the vision that the Western Late Middle Ages had of the natural medicine of Galen to heal skin disorders, and the (strongly Arabized) medical vocabulary used in that translation.
Publication
Guayule Resin Antifeedant Activity Against the Colorado Potato Beetle
(Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC), 2023) García Martínez, María de las Mercedes; Latorre Pastor, Guayente; Sánchez Gómez, Rosario; Zalacain Aramburu, Amaya; Carmona Delgado, Manuel
Among the many applications of guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray), the use of its resin as a biopesticide has gained much attention in the last few years as it would allow to organically manage important agricultural pests as the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). It is one of the most damaging insect pests to the potato economy worldwide, difficult to control by conventional methods due to the development of resistance to chemical insecticides. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the activity of guayule resin in affecting the feeding behavior of L. decemlineata. To this end, a short-term feeding choice assay was designed in which the beetles could choose between solvent-treated control leaves or leaves treated with either crude guayule resin 100 µg/cm2, crude guayule resin 50 µg/cm2, refined guayule resin 5 µg/cm2, or low molecular weight rubber 5 µg/cm2. The assay was performed in duplicates and lasted six hours under controlled conditions. After, unconsumed leaf areas were measured, and the feeding inhibition index calculated (% FI). For all the treatments tested, quite a lot of variability was observed between the two replicates. Even so, it was observed that a treatment with guayule resin moderately inhibited the feeding of the beetle, showing a % FI of around 54% for crude guayule resin 100 µg/cm2 and refined guayule resin 5 µg/cm2, and of around 40% for crude guayule resin 50 µg/cm2. As for the treatment with low molecular weight rubber, this showed a negative % FI, indicating not only that it does not inhibit feeding, but also that it promotes feeding. Consequently, it seems that guayule resin exerts some antifeedant effect against L. decemlineata, probably due to active compounds and not to a contact effect derived from the sticky texture of the rubber, which makes guayule resin a potential product in the integrated pest management programs of the Colorado leaf beetle.
Publication
Relationship between the degree of perineal trauma at vaginal birth and change in haemoglobin concentration
(Elsevier, 2017) Hernández Martínez, Antonio
Background: Postpartum anaemia is a problem with high prevalence that significantly affects maternal recovery. Among the causal factors is perineal trauma. However, it is still not known what degree of perineal trauma produces a greater reduction of haemoglobin.
Publication
G-code generation in a NURBS workflow for precise Additive Manufacturing
(Emerald, 2022) Vallejo Calcerrada, Javier; Chacón Muñoz, Jesús Miguel; Sánchez-Reyes Fernández, Francisco Javier; Núñez López, Pedro José
Non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBSs) are the de facto standard for representing objects in computer-aided design (CAD). The purpose of this paper is to discuss how to stick to this standard in all phases of the additive manufacturing (AM) workflow, from the CAD object to the final G-code, bypassing unnecessary polygonal approximations. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use a commercial CAD system (Rhino3D along with its programming environment Grasshopper) for direct slicing of the model, offset generation and trimming. Circular arcs are represented as quadratic NURBSs and free-form geometry as quadratic or cubic polynomial B-splines. Therefore, circular arcs are directly expressible as G2/G3 G-code commands, whereas free-form paths are rewritten as a succession of cubic Bézier curves, thereby admitting exact translation into G5 commands, available in firmware for AM controllers, such as Marlin. Findings: Experimental results of this paper confirm a considerable improvement in quality over the standard AM workflow, consisting of an initial polygonization of the object (e.g. via standard tessellation language), slicing this polygonal approximation, offsetting the polygonal sections and, finally, generating G-code made up of polyline trajectories (G1 commands). Originality/value: A streamlined AM workflow is obtained, with a seamless transfer from the initial CAD description to the final G-code. By adhering to the NURBS standard at all steps, the authors avoid multiple representations and associated errors resulting from approximations.
Publication
Electropolishing Stainless Steel Optimization Using Surface Quality, Dimensional Accuracy, and Electrical Consumption Criteria
(MDPI, 2023) Beamud González, Elena María; Núñez López, Pedro José; García Plaza, Eustaquio
Electropolishing (EP) processes require high electrical consumption that must be optimized to minimize production costs without sacrificing the objectives of surface quality and dimensional accuracy. The aim of the present paper was to analyze the effects of the interelectrode gap, initial surface roughness, electrolyte temperature, current density, and EP time on aspects of the EP process applied to AISI 316L stainless steel, which have not been examined in the literature, such as polishing rate, final surface roughness, dimensional accuracy, and electrical consumption cost. In addition, the paper aimed to obtain optimum individual and multi-objective considering criteria of surface quality, dimensional accuracy, and electrical consumption cost. The results showed that the electrode gap was not significant on the surface finish or current density, and the EP time was the parameter having the greatest effect on all criteria analyzed, with a temperature of 35 °C showing the best electrolyte performance. The initial surface texture with the lowest roughness (Formula presented.) (0.5 = Ra = 0.8 µm) obtained the best results with a maximum polishing rate of ~90% and minimum final roughness (Ra) of ~0.035 µm. The response surface methodology showed the EP parameter effects and the optimum individual objective. The desirability function obtained the best global multi-objective optimum, while the overlapping contour plot provided optimum individual and simultaneous per polishing range.