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Recent Submissions

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Putting the customer at the center: does store managers' ethical leadership make a difference in authentic customer orientation?
(Emerald, 2023) Ruiz Palomino, Pablo; Linuesa Langreo, Jorge; Rincón Ornelas, Rosa María; Martínez Ruiz, M. Pilar
Purpose The purpose of this article is to explore the mediating role of both ethical climate and frontline employees' ethical intent on the relationship between store managers' ethical leadership and frontline employees’ customer orientation (FECO). Design/methodology/approach Original data on small and medium-sized enterprises in the Mexican retail industry were used. A survey provided a sample of 332 frontline employees. To test the hypotheses, the authors conducted a partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Findings The results show the positive effect of ethical leadership is mainly direct. This can primarily be explained through the mechanisms of social exchange theory. Additionally, the results show that ethical climate and ethical intent act as essential partial mediators. Originality/value Although managers' ethical leadership typically exercises a direct and positive influence on employees' work performance, the path linking the ethical leadership of the upper echelons to this outcome has not been frequently studied, especially in terms of its impact on meeting customers' needs (i.e. frontline employees' customer orientation, or FECO). This study expands on existing knowledge by considering that a true FECO is necessarily linked to being “oriented to others”, which is fostered by the perception that moral values (i.e. honesty) are embedded in an organization's culture. Propósito El propósito de este artículo es explorar el papel mediador del clima ético y la intención ética de los empleados de primera línea en la relación entre el liderazgo ético de los directores de tienda y la orientación al cliente de los empleados de primera línea (FECO). Diseño/metodología/enfoque Los autores utilizaron datos originales de pequeñas y medianas empresas ubicadas en la industria minorista mexicana. Una encuesta proporcionó una muestra de 332 empleados de primera línea. Para comprobar las hipótesis, los autores realizaron un análisis por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS). Resultados Los resultados muestran cómo el efecto positivo del liderazgo ético es principalmente directo. Esto puede ser explicado fundamentalmente a través de los mecanismos de la teoría del intercambio social. Adicionalmente, los resultados mostraron que el clima ético y la intención ética actúan como mediadores parciales esenciales. Originalidad/valor Aunque el liderazgo ético de los directivos suele ejercer una influencia directa y positiva en el rendimiento laboral de los empleados, no se ha estudiado con frecuencia la vía que relaciona el liderazgo ético de los mandos superiores con este resultado, especialmente en lo que se refiere a su impacto en la satisfacción de las necesidades de los clientes (es decir, la orientación al cliente de los empleados de primera línea, o FECO). Este estudio amplía los conocimientos actuales al considerar que un verdadero FECO está necesariamente vinculado a estar “orientado a los demás”, lo que se ve favorecido por la percepción de que los valores morales (es decir, la honestidad) están arraigados en la cultura de la organización.
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The role of ethical trustworthiness in shaping trust and affective commitment in schools
(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Lleo, A.; Ruiz Palomino, Pablo; Guillen, M.; Marrades Pastor, E.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of school principal trustworthiness components (i.e., ability, integrity, benevolence) in helping shape teacher trust and affective commitment within schools. Using data from 1,026 teachers in Spain and structural equation modeling (via EQS 6.3), this study establishes how a principal’s integrity and benevolence are key in determining, both directly and indirectly (via trust in the principal), teachers’ affective commitment to their school. It also reveals that the perceived ability of a principal is not effective in generating trust or affective commitment to the school in teachers. As a contribution to the literature, these findings reveal that the ethical trustworthiness (benevolence, integrity) of principals is key in engendering trust and affective commitment to schools. Thus, to shape work environments that are high in trust and commitment, principals should focus on behaving in ways that make their integrity and benevolence manifest to their teachers.
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A valid and reliable scale for measuring middle managers’ trustworthiness in continuous improvement
(Elsevier, 2021) Lleo, A.; Ruiz Palomino, Pablo; Viles, E.; Muñoz Villamizar, A. F.
Sustaining continuous improvement activities is one of the biggest challenges that companies face. In order to foster operator participation in continuous improvement activities, this paper aims to present and validate a scale for measuring middle manager trustworthiness. Firstly, we combine the available literature with two concept mappings, one with operators and another with supervisors, and an expert panel (consisting of experienced academics, practitioners and consultants) to identify the specific middle manager behaviors that are essential to convey trustworthiness. Secondly, an empirical analysis with 211 operators from three different companies located in three different countries (i.e., Peru, Honduras and Spain) served to define, debug and test the reliability and the convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity of the scale. The validated scale presents middle manager trustworthiness as a reflective-reflective second-order construct formed by four critical dimensions: human qualities; training and development; technical and managerial competencies; team building. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to present a valid and reliable scale for measuring middle manager trustworthiness in continuous improvement activities. The proposed scale can be used as a guideline for companies which aim to foster operators’ trust and participation in continuous improvement activities and for those activities to be sustainable over time.
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Is unethical leadership a negative for Employees' personal growth and intention to stay? The buffering role of responsibility climate
(Wiley, 2021-04-20) Ruiz Palomino, Pablo; Martínez Cañas, Ricardo; Bañón Gomis, Alexis
Various forms of unethical leadership are associated with a wide range of negative outcomes, including decreases in subordinates' intention to stay, which is associated with higher turnover, among other negative organizational outcomes. Since the strength of the association between unethical leadership and intent to stay is variable, we examined personal growth satisfaction as a mediator and responsibility climate as a moderator of the relationship. In a Spain-based sample of 150 employees, we found as anticipated, that personal growth satisfaction mediated the negative impact of unethical supervision on intention to stay. In terms of moderation, also as expected, high (versus low) responsibility climate weakened the negative relationship between unethical leadership and subordinates' personal growth satisfaction, as well as the indirect negative impact of unethical leadership on subordinates' intention to stay. Importantly, since unethical leadership is difficult to eliminate totally, our findings are significant because they suggest several ways to minimize its negative effects.
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Pruned vine-shoots as a new enological additive to differentiate the chemical profile of wines
(Elsevier, 2022-06-01) Cebrián Tarancón, Cristina; Fernández Roldán, Francisco de Asís; Sánchez Gómez, Rosario; Alonso Díaz-Marta, Gonzalo Luis
For this study, Tempranillo wines were made by adding their own toasted vine-shoots (SEGs, “Shoot– Enological – Granule”). The SEGs were added in two doses (12 and 24 g/L) at three different times (before alcoholic fermentation, in the middle of alcoholic fermentation, and after fermentations) and phenolic, volatile, and mineral composition were analysed. Results showed a decrease in the total content of phenolic compounds but stilbenes, specifically trans-resveratrol, increased in all wines macerated with SEGs, as did total anthocyanins when these additives were added in the middle of fermentation. Furthermore, the ratios related to glycosylated monomeric anthocyanins were significantly higher in wines treated with SEGs. The use of SEGs did not affect the total content of volatile compounds. However, changes in terms of individual compounds resulted in an odorant series associated with SEGs, named “sweet woody”, formed by compounds such as ethyl vanillate, ethyl cinnamate, and vanillin. Finally, the mineral composition of the wines was not affected using SEGs, whereby potassium was the most abundant in all the wines.